TY - JOUR TI - Changes in Objectively-Determined Walkability and Physical Activity in Adults: A Quasi-Longitudinal Residential Relocation Study AU - McCormack, Gavin R. AU - McLaren, Lindsay AU - Salvo, Grazia AU - Blackstaffe, Anita T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health AB - Causal evidence for the built environment's role in supporting physical activity is needed to inform land use and transportation policies. This quasi-longitudinal residential relocation study compared within-person changes in self-reported transportation walking, transportation cycling, and overall physical activity during the past 12 months among adults who did and did not move to a different neighbourhood. In 2014, a random sample of adults from 12 neighbourhoods (Calgary, AB, Canada) with varying urban form and socioeconomic status provided complete self-administered questionnaire data (n = 915). Participants, some of whom moved neighbourhood during the past 12 months (n = 95), reported their perceived change in transportation walking and cycling, and overall physical activity during that period. The questionnaire also captured residential self-selection, and sociodemographic and health characteristics. Walk ScoresĀ® were linked to each participant's current and previous neighbourhood and three groups identified: walkability "improvers" (n = 48); "decliners" (n = 47), and; "maintainers" (n = 820). Perceived change in physical activity was compared between the three groups using propensity score covariate-adjusted Firth logistic regression (odds ratios: OR). Compared with walkability maintainers, walkability decliners (OR 4.37) and improvers (OR 4.14) were more likely (p < 0.05) to report an increase in their transportation walking since moving neighbourhood, while walkability decliners were also more likely (OR 3.17) to report decreasing their transportation walking since moving. Walkability improvers were more likely than maintainers to increase their transportation cycling since moving neighbourhood (OR 4.22). Temporal changes in neighbourhood walkability resulting from residential relocation appear to be associated with reported temporal changes in transportation walking and cycling in adults. DA - 2017//05/22 PY - 2017 DO - 10.3390/ijerph14050551 DP - PubMed VL - 14 IS - 5 J2 - Int J Environ Res Public Health LA - eng SN - 1660-4601 ST - Changes in Objectively-Determined Walkability and Physical Activity in Adults KW - Adult KW - Aged KW - Alberta KW - Bicycling KW - Female KW - Humans KW - Logistic Models KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - Residence Characteristics KW - Self Report KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Transportation KW - Walking KW - built environment KW - cycling KW - longitudinal KW - natural experiment KW - neighbourhood KW - physical activity KW - residential relocation KW - walkability KW - walking ER -